{"id":1547,"date":"2026-03-30T05:48:30","date_gmt":"2026-03-30T05:48:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wallisemi.com\/?p=1547"},"modified":"2026-03-30T06:02:59","modified_gmt":"2026-03-30T06:02:59","slug":"may-bay-khong-nguoi-lai-dieu-huong-tu-dong-xu-huong-tuong-lai-khi-khong-co-gps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wallisemi.com\/vi\/blog\/industry-insights\/autonomous-navigation-drones-gps-denied-future-trends\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ea1i sao m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i t\u1ef1 h\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady: T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/a> \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u sang \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng k\u00e9p v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. L\u00fd do r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng GPS, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 th\u1eddi gian qua v\u1ec7 tinh hay c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n c\u00f3. Trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh gay g\u1eaft, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u, gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o, \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb1ng sau s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb: nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay thay v\u00ec ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n bay, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n bi\u00ean v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i. Tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0 trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc bay xa nh\u1ea5t hay mang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u1ecb s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"h\u1ec7<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y bay ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi. Lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y bay n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay, ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u00e0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m, b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng. Trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c, lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y bay n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i (UAV) kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean l\u1ea1c t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, m\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, lidar, radar ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng laser, \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 SLAM, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u1eadt d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (GNSS) khi c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u GNSS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o GPS hay ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GPS. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng minh. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng v\u1ec7 tinh; thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u1ec7 tinh khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00fd do quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac UAV truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u00e0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. V\u0103n b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1ea5t th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb di\u1ec5n ra gay g\u1eaft v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0169 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp GPS v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf \u0111ang d\u1ea7n m\u1ea5t \u0111i. M\u1ed9t khi gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00fang n\u1eefa, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a GPS, li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1p quang<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i (UAV) truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i: h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u1ec7 tinh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u00eanh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. H\u00e0nh vi g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u. H\u00e0nh vi gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00e8n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed sai l\u1ec7ch. C\u00e1c th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, nguy c\u01a1 b\u1eafn nh\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i, b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1eef ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t so s\u00e1nh quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1p quang. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qua c\u00e1p quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u s\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m ph\u1ea1m vi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m cao h\u01a1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y c\u00e1p. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00ec n\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u00eanh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, v\u1ed1n d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u GNSS l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 b\u1ecb tranh ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: T\u1ea1i sao m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u2018Th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c + Qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh\u2019 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh l\u00e0m l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh l\u00e0m l\u1edbp \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c chung c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 M\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i b\u1ecb v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u1ec7 tinh (GNSS)<\/a> thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch theo th\u1eddi gian. M\u00e1y \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i. C\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn b\u1ed5 sung nh\u01b0 lidar, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y \u0111o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng laser c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn IMU cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh theo d\u00f5i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a khung c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed1c. Vi\u1ec7c so kh\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch AI s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh, tr\u00e1nh ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n h\u00e0nh vi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u1eefa. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u0111ang d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp chip \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n: T\u1ea1i sao b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m g\u00ec khung m\u00e1y bay<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7. Con chip \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u0169, b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n bay ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m vi\u1ec7c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e1y bay v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo logic \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Trong c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, tr\u00e1nh ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t bo m\u1ea1ch l\u00e1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbp x\u1eed l\u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c l\u1edbp t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n